Control of biological and chemical weapons

Mark Wheelis - Selected publications on biological & chemical weapons

History

Wheelis, M. 1998. First shots fired in biological warfare. Nature 395, 213. Available here.

Wheelis, M. 1999. Biological warfare before 1914. Pp. 8-34 in E. Geissler and J. E. v. C. Moon (Eds) Biological and Toxin Weapons: Research, Development and Use from the Middle Ages to 1945. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available here.

Wheelis, M. 1999. Biological sabotage in World War I. Pp 35-62 in E. Geissler and J. E. v. C. Moon (Eds.) Biological and Toxin Weapons: Research, Development and Use from the Middle Ages to 1945. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available here.

Wheelis, M. 2002. Biological warfare at the 1346 seige of Caffa. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 8 971-975. Available here.

Wheelis, M. 2003. A short history of biological warfare and weapons. Pp 15-31 in M.I. Chevrier, K. Chomiczewski, M.R. Dando, H. Garrigue, G. Granaztoi and G.S. Pearson, editors. The Implementation of Legally Binding Measures to Strengthen the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. ISO Press Amsterdam. Available here.

Wheelis, M. 2004. Chemical and biological terrorism: lessons from history. Pp 110-113 in R. Ragaini, editor, International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies, 31st Session: The Cultural Planetary Emergency: Focus on Terrorism. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore. Available here.

Wheelis, M., L. Rozsa, and M. Dando (Editors). 2006. Deadly Cultures: Biological Weapons from 1945 to the Present. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 479 pp. Table of contents available here.

Furmanski, M., and M. Wheelis 2006. Allegations of biological weapons use. Pp 252-283 in Wheelis, M., L. Rozsa, and M. Dando (Eds). Deadly Cultures: Biological Weapons from 1945 to the Present. Cambridge: Harvard University.

M. Wheelis and M. Sugishima 2006. Terrorist use of biological weapons. Pp 252-283 in Wheelis, M., L. Rozsa, and M. Dando (Eds). Deadly Cultures: Biological Weapons from 1945 to the Present. Cambridge: Harvard University.

Epidemiology and Weapons Control

Wheelis, M. L. 1991. The role of epidemiology in stregthening the Biological Weapons Convention. Pp. 277-283 in E. Geissler and R. H. Haynes (eds) Prevention of a Biological and Toxin Arms Race and the Responsibility of Scientists. Berlin: Academie-Verlag.

Wheelis, M. L. 1992. Strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention through global epidemiological surveillance. Politics and the Life Sciences 11, 179-189 (with commentaries and a response, pp 190-197)

Wheelis, M., P. Anderson, P. Barss, M. Hugh-Jones, M. Meselson, G. Meyers, M. Nass, B. H. Rosenberg, J. Woodall, and R. Zilinskas. 1996. Report of the Subgroup on Investigation of Alleged Use or Release of Biological or Toxin Weapons Agents. The Federation of American Scientists Working Group on Biological Weapons Verification. Washington, DC. 40 pp. Available here.

Wheelis, M. 1999. Outbreaks of Disease: Current Official Reporting. Strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention Briefing Paper No 21, Department of Peace Studies, University of Bradford (UK). 14 pp. Available here.

Wheelis, M. 2000. Investigation of suspicious outbreaks of disease: Pp 105-118 in R. A. Zilinskas (Ed.) Biological Warfare: Modern Offense and Defense. Boulder, Colorado: Lynn Rienner Publishers.

Wheelis, M. 2000. Investigation of outbreaks of disease under a Protocol to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 6, 595-600. Available here.

Wheelis, M. 2002. Investigation of outbreaks of disease under a protocol to the Biological weapons convention. P125-138 in Dando, M.R., Klement, C., Negut, M., and Pearson, G.S. Maximizing the Security and Development Benefits from the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Wheelis, M. 2003. Investigation of disease outbreaks. Pp 181-189 in M.I. Chevrier, K. Chomiczewski, M.R. Dando, H. Garrigue, G. Granaztoi and G.S. Pearson, editors. The Implementation of Legally Binding Measures to Strengthen the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. ISO Press Amsterdam. Available here.

Agriculture biowarfare and bioterrorism

Wheelis, M.2000. Agricultural Biowarfare and Bioterrorism. Edmonds Institute occasional paper, November 2000. Available here.

Wheelis, M.2001-present. Agricultural Biowarfare and Bioterrorism. Scientists Working Group on Biological and Chemical Weapons, Center for Arms Control and Nonproliferation". Available here.

Wheelis, M., R.Casagrande, and L.V. Madden, 2002. Biological attack on agriculture; low-tech high-impact bioterrorism. Bioscience, 52, 569-576. Available here.

Madden, L.V. and M. Wheelis, 2003. The threat of plant pathogens as weapons against US crops. Annual Review of Phytopathology, Available here.

Biotechnology and weapons control

Klotz, L. C., M. I. Chevrier, J. J. Dingerdisson, L. Pritchard, B. H. Rosenberg, M. Wheelis, and G. R. Wollet, 2000. Implementing the Biological Weapons Convention in the United States: what it means to the biopharmeceutical industry. Biopharm, August 2000, 46-48.

Wheelis, M., and M. Dando 2000. New technology and future developments in biological warfare. Disarmament Forum 4/2000, 43-50. Available here.

Wheelis, M. 2001. Deterring bioweapons development. Science 291, 2089. Available here.

Wheelis, M. 2002. Biotechnology and biochemical weapons. Nonproliferation Review, 9 No.1, 48-53. Available here.

Wheelis, M. 2002. Biotechnology and chemical weapons control. Pure and Applied Chemistry,
74, 2247-2251. Available here.

Wheelis, M. and M. Dando. 2002. On the brink: biodefense, biotechnology, and the future of weapons control. Chemical and Biological Weapons Conventions Bulletin. Available here.

Wheelis, M. and M. Dando, 2003. Back to bioweapons? Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists,
Available here.

Klotz, L., M. Furmanski, and M. Wheelis 2003. Beware the siren's song: why "non-lethal" incapacitating chemical agents are lethal. Originally published at Federation of American Scientists: http://fas.org/bwc/papers/sirens_song.pdf. Currently at Center for Arms Control and Nonproliferation: www.armscontrolcenter.org/cbw/papers/index.shtml. Available here.

Wheelis, M. 2003. "Nonlethal" chemical weapons: a Faustian bargain. Issues in Science and Technology, Spring 2003, 74-78. Available here.

Wheelis, M. 2004. Will the new biology lead to new weapons? Arms Control Today, 34 (6) July/August, 6-13. Available here (CAUTION--this file is nearly 2 MB)

Wheelis, M. and M. Dando 2005. Neurobiology: A case study of the imminent militarization of biology. International Journal of the Red Cross 87, No. 859 ( September), 1-16. Available here.
(CAUTION--this file is nearly 3 MB)